Estas fotos de época muestran la historia del supermercado
Estas fotos de época muestran la historia del supermercado
Fuente: Pinterest

Demos un paseo por el pasillo de la historia.
En promedio, los estadounidenses van al supermercado 1,6 veces a la semana , y cada viaje duraaproximadamente 43 minutos . Eso es mucho tiempo que podrías usar para hacer, bueno, literalmente cualquier otra cosa.
Quizás es por eso que Blue Apron, Plated y Hello Fresh (y ahora, kits de comida de Amazon ) se han vuelto tan populares. Al enviar los ingredientes medidos directamente a su puerta, eliminan la necesidad de poner un pie en un supermercado. Siempre. Otra vez.
Pero la idea de que la compra de comestibles pronto podría convertirse en historia antigua es algo trágica. Como el escritor de alimentos Michael Ruhlman dice en su nuevo libro, «Comestibles: La compra y venta de alimentos en Estados Unidos», con demasiada frecuencia, las personas «no reflexionan ni reflexionan sobre las tiendas de comestibles» a pesar de que son «un barómetro de nuestro país». estado mental colectivo «.
Entonces, tomemos un segundo para reflexionar sobre la kitsch pero maravillosa evolución del supermercado estadounidense.
Finales del siglo XIX – principios del siglo XXskipperbob / Imgur
Antes de que los supermercados se convirtieran en una ventanilla única, la gente compraba en tiendas pequeñas y separadas para cada categoría de alimentos. Una calle estaría llena de «fruterías» (productos agrícolas), tiendas de productos lácteos, carnicerías, pescaderías y tiendas de comestibles que venden exclusivamente productos secos y empaquetados, como alimentos enlatados.
Década de 1910

1916 fue un año histórico para la industria de comestibles. En Memphis, Tennessee, un tendero llamado Clarence Saunders abrió la primera tienda de comestibles de «autoservicio». Lo creas o no, antes de Saunders, los clientes tenían que caminar hasta el mostrador con una lista para que el tendero la llenara. Qué pérdida de tiempo, ¿te imaginas las líneas?
El autoservicio les dio a los clientes el poder de elegir y elegir los productos que querían, lo que llevó a las compañías a experimentar con nuevas formas de atraer consumidores. La tienda de Saunder, a la que llamó Piggly Wiggly, también presentó canastas de compras, uniformes para empleados y colocó productos a propósito, por ejemplo, dulces (y otros artículos de impulso) en la caja. Muchas gracias, amigo!

Pronto, surgieron más cadenas de tiendas, como Kroger y Safeway. Durante este período, las tiendas aún eran pequeñas y con frecuencia no vendían productos o carne.
1930s – 1940s
Cadenas como Ralphs y King Kullen provocaron el auge del supermercado, que incluía una selección más pequeña de carne, productos agrícolas y productos secos en una instalación de barebones cerca, por supuesto, de estacionamiento gratuito.

Durante la Gran Depresión, cuando las cosas eran súper sombrías en casi todas partes, algunos tenderos aficionados se volvieron creativos. «Muchos empresarios sobrevivientes en áreas urbanas abrieron pequeñas tiendas de abarrotes en sus propias casas o en fachadas abandonadas», dice a Boybes el profesor de sociología de la Universidad Estatal de Mississippi, Robert Boyd . «Al menos ellos y sus familiares podrían vivir del inventario no vendido». Desolado, ¿verdad?
En 1930, justo cuando la economía estaba empezando a crecer, un joven sureño llamado George Jenkins dejó su trabajo en Piggly Wiggly y abrió un nuevo supermercado llamado Publix en Winter Haven, Florida. Jenkins imaginó a Publix como un «palacio de la comida», brillando con nuevos vidrios y mármoles. Instaló aire acondicionado, iluminación fluorescente y suelos de terrazo. Publix creció y creció: hoy en día, hay más de 1,100 supermercados Publix en los Estados Unidos (principalmente en el Sur).
El año pasado, la cadena recaudó $ 34 mil millones en ingresos.


Los años 50 y 60 fueron la edad de oro del supermercado, la invención americana por excelencia. Nuevas tiendas abiertas todos los días. Estas fueron también las décadas en que la publicidad alcanzó su apogeo, por lo que las cadenas compitieron entre sí para tener los logotipos, fuentes y diseños de edificios más emocionantes.



A principios de los años 70, la moda de alimentos enlatados de la era nuclear estaba terminando, y cada vez más estadounidenses comenzaron a desear alimentos que fueran naturales y orgánicos. Aparecieron pequeñas tiendas de alimentos saludables en todo el país, pero no había un supermercado que ofreciera una gran cantidad de alimentos naturales en un solo lugar.
Todo eso cambió en 1978, cuando un par de veinteañeros llamados John Mackey y Renee Lawson tomaron prestados $ 50,000 de amigos y familiares y abrieron una pequeña tienda de alimentos naturales en Austin, Texas. La pareja estaba tan rota que vivían en la tienda, que se llamaba SaferWay, y se duchaban con la manguera del lavavajillas .
Las cosas se recuperaron dos años más tarde, en 1980, cuando Mackey y Lawson fusionaron su tienda con otra tienda local, llamando al nuevo negocio Whole Foods Market.
Ese primer Whole Foods empleaba solo a 19 personas. Hoy se ha expandido internacionalmente, hay Whole Foods en Canadá y el Reino Unido. Como prueba de su éxito, observe los números: a principios de este verano, Amazon acordó pagar más de $ 13 mil millones para el negocio.
Hoy

La década de 2000 vio el aumento de los kits de comida, las compras en línea de comestibles y los » abarrotes » (la palabra abarrotes es una combinación de «abarrotes» y «restaurante». Son esos lugares que venden comidas listas para comer. Think Pret -Un pesebre.)
Cualquiera puede adivinar cómo será el futuro de la tienda de comestibles, o si aún existirá.
#asesoriaenretail, #ignaciogomezescobar, Historias, Ignacio Gómez Escobar, Retail, supermercados
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